The case of Parmanand Katara vs. Union of India, which was heard by the Supreme Court of India in 1989, dealt with the issue of the right to health and medical assistance as a fundamental right under the Indian Constitution.

The case originated from a petition filed by Parmanand Katara, the father of a young man who had been killed in a car accident. The victim had been rushed to a government hospital in Delhi, but he had died due to the delay in providing medical treatment. Katara argued that the delay in providing medical treatment amounted to a violation of his son's right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution.